Analyzing Humanitarian Logistic Coordination for Disaster Relief in Indonesia
Analyzing Humanitarian Logistic Coordination for Disaster Relief in Indonesia
Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016
Tanti Octavia, I. Gede Agus Widyadana and Herry Christian Palit
Abstract Humanitarian logistics have been given an attention in recent years since
logistic is one of important factors in effective disaster response and disaster relief.
There are few researches on humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. In this paper, we
aim to map and analyze humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. Therefore, deep interview
method has been done to interview some institutions in humanitarian logistic
system. We analyze the coordination of humanitarian logistic system using RASIC
method. The finding of the deep interview reveals the private sector actively participates
in disaster relief. In particular, it is also found the private sector actively
participates in disaster relief but they do not collaborate with BNPB. It can be
concluded the private sectors are able to take on the role in Indonesia humanitarian
logistic system under supervision of BNPB. We finally proposed the RASIC model
involving the private sector for Indonesia humanitarian logistic.
Keywords Humanitarian logistic RASIC Indonesia
Introduction
Humanitarian relief environments engage many organizations such as government,
local and regional relief organizations, military, and private companies. Each
organization has different interest, mandates capacity and logistics [1]. Logistic is
one of important part in humanitarian relief, so it is important to make it efficient
and effective. Therefore, some researches focus on humanitarian logistic. Liberatore
et al. [3] tried to make a model for distributing emergency goods to population
affected by disaster. They applied the model in Haiti earthquake case in 2010 and
concluded that coordinating recovery and distribution operations are important.
Ozdamar and Ertem [4] showed that information technology should be integrated in
humanitarian logistic to make humanitarian logistic more effective. They got the
conclusion by applying survey.
According data from Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana Indonesia
(BNPB), number of disasters in Indonesia in 2015 until June are 1116 events where
dominant in flood (32.1 %), landslide (33.2 %) and waterspout (28.5 %). Due to the
disaster frequency, Indonesia needs an efficient and effective humanitarian logistics.
However there are few researches on humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. In this
research humanitarian logistic in Indonesia is evaluated, and improved by engaging
private companies.
Research Method
In this research, functions of each organization in humanitarian logistics in
Indonesia are evaluated using RASIC scheme that is developed by Kaynak and
Tuger [2]. RASIC is a tool to set roles of every organization. The benefits of RASIC
are developing a clear relation between activities and resources, defining clear
responsibility for every resource, and giving suggestion for communication planning.
RASIC is an acronym which stands for Responsible, Approves, Support,
Informed, and Consulted. Responsible is related to the organization that is ultimately
responsible for completing the activity. Approves is related to the organization
that has responsibility and authority to take an action. The organization that
provides resources or can help responsible organization is defined as supported.
Informed is defined as an organization that has to know result of implementation to
the activities. Consulted is defined as an organization that contributes the implementation
suggestions for making it smoothly.
Data are conducted by interviewing Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah
Jawa Timur (BPBD), Indonesian Red Cross (IRC) East Java branch, public health
office, public social office and survey through email with a logistics company which
is DHL international.
Result
RASIC chart is used for showing the role of each organization in Indonesia
humanitarian logistic. The organization includes government, social and private
institution. Government institution in humanitarian logistics is Badan Nasional
Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD), public social office and public health
office. BPBD is a non-department government institution, which has planning and
operational function in disaster management, and emergency. BNPB was formed
according to Indonesian law in year 2007 number 24. Scope of BNPB includes
pre-disaster, disaster response and post disaster. BPBD is part of BNPB that has
smaller scope which is in provinces or towns. Public health office has a unit to
handle health aspects of disaster management. The unit is called Pusat
Penanggulanggan Krisis Kesehatan (PPKK Kemkes). The unit has the responsibility
for providing medicines and medical personnel for disaster response phase.
Public social office has responsibility on preparing, giving technical guidance, and
supervising the implementation the preparedness’ activity, mitigation, response and
rehabilitation for natural disaster victims. The Indonesia Red Cross (IRC) has
responsibility to prepare temporary distribution points based on the input of local
government and assessment. The Indonesia Red Cross works on preparedness,
response and rehabilitation phases.
Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016
Tanti Octavia, I. Gede Agus Widyadana and Herry Christian Palit
Abstract Humanitarian logistics have been given an attention in recent years since
logistic is one of important factors in effective disaster response and disaster relief.
There are few researches on humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. In this paper, we
aim to map and analyze humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. Therefore, deep interview
method has been done to interview some institutions in humanitarian logistic
system. We analyze the coordination of humanitarian logistic system using RASIC
method. The finding of the deep interview reveals the private sector actively participates
in disaster relief. In particular, it is also found the private sector actively
participates in disaster relief but they do not collaborate with BNPB. It can be
concluded the private sectors are able to take on the role in Indonesia humanitarian
logistic system under supervision of BNPB. We finally proposed the RASIC model
involving the private sector for Indonesia humanitarian logistic.
Keywords Humanitarian logistic RASIC Indonesia
Introduction
Humanitarian relief environments engage many organizations such as government,
local and regional relief organizations, military, and private companies. Each
organization has different interest, mandates capacity and logistics [1]. Logistic is
one of important part in humanitarian relief, so it is important to make it efficient
and effective. Therefore, some researches focus on humanitarian logistic. Liberatore
et al. [3] tried to make a model for distributing emergency goods to population
affected by disaster. They applied the model in Haiti earthquake case in 2010 and
concluded that coordinating recovery and distribution operations are important.
Ozdamar and Ertem [4] showed that information technology should be integrated in
humanitarian logistic to make humanitarian logistic more effective. They got the
conclusion by applying survey.
According data from Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana Indonesia
(BNPB), number of disasters in Indonesia in 2015 until June are 1116 events where
dominant in flood (32.1 %), landslide (33.2 %) and waterspout (28.5 %). Due to the
disaster frequency, Indonesia needs an efficient and effective humanitarian logistics.
However there are few researches on humanitarian logistic in Indonesia. In this
research humanitarian logistic in Indonesia is evaluated, and improved by engaging
private companies.
Research Method
In this research, functions of each organization in humanitarian logistics in
Indonesia are evaluated using RASIC scheme that is developed by Kaynak and
Tuger [2]. RASIC is a tool to set roles of every organization. The benefits of RASIC
are developing a clear relation between activities and resources, defining clear
responsibility for every resource, and giving suggestion for communication planning.
RASIC is an acronym which stands for Responsible, Approves, Support,
Informed, and Consulted. Responsible is related to the organization that is ultimately
responsible for completing the activity. Approves is related to the organization
that has responsibility and authority to take an action. The organization that
provides resources or can help responsible organization is defined as supported.
Informed is defined as an organization that has to know result of implementation to
the activities. Consulted is defined as an organization that contributes the implementation
suggestions for making it smoothly.
Data are conducted by interviewing Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah
Jawa Timur (BPBD), Indonesian Red Cross (IRC) East Java branch, public health
office, public social office and survey through email with a logistics company which
is DHL international.
Result
RASIC chart is used for showing the role of each organization in Indonesia
humanitarian logistic. The organization includes government, social and private
institution. Government institution in humanitarian logistics is Badan Nasional
Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD), public social office and public health
office. BPBD is a non-department government institution, which has planning and
operational function in disaster management, and emergency. BNPB was formed
according to Indonesian law in year 2007 number 24. Scope of BNPB includes
pre-disaster, disaster response and post disaster. BPBD is part of BNPB that has
smaller scope which is in provinces or towns. Public health office has a unit to
handle health aspects of disaster management. The unit is called Pusat
Penanggulanggan Krisis Kesehatan (PPKK Kemkes). The unit has the responsibility
for providing medicines and medical personnel for disaster response phase.
Public social office has responsibility on preparing, giving technical guidance, and
supervising the implementation the preparedness’ activity, mitigation, response and
rehabilitation for natural disaster victims. The Indonesia Red Cross (IRC) has
responsibility to prepare temporary distribution points based on the input of local
government and assessment. The Indonesia Red Cross works on preparedness,
response and rehabilitation phases.
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